Bible Notes Online - Psalms 128 - ESV
Commentary

Blessings upon the obedient; God knows those who love Him.

v1: Blessings are upon those who fear the Lord, who walk in His ways; such is His promise; and He is ignorant of none.

v2-4: Blessing upon the family as well as the individual; such a family is a public testimony of God's blessing.

The translation would be better, 'may your wife be fruitful like a vine.' The prayer is for God's blessing of children, not a divine guarantee of children. Contrast Ps 17.14, where the wicked have children.

v5-6: The prayer, to know and experience God's blessing; sharing in God's blessing of prosperity on Jerusalem, and peace upon Israel.