Bible Notes Online - Numbers 5 - ESV
Commentary

v1-4: See Lev 13-14; those with skin diseases, and other uncleanness were commanded to be outside the camp. This was a temporary, to ensure the camp itself remained clean and holy, where “I dwell among them,” said the Lord God.

v5-6: Personal wrongs and guilt. This had to be dealt with properly.

v7: When one person wrongs another, there must be both confession and restitution.

v8: Restitution is essential for forgiveness, but is not the same as atonement.

v9-10: Such offerings were provision for the priests.

v11-31: The seriousness of marital unfaithfulness; this also defiled the people if it was not dealt with. See also in 1 Cor 5.13; 2 Cor 6.17.

v12-14: Suspicion of adultery, or a jealous spirit; the man had to take the lead, as the head of the household, to deal with the situation.

v15: The special offering would bring sin to remembrance, i.e: to expose any wrong doing.

v20-22: The simple test was, 'Is the woman guilty?' If she were innocent, then the water would have no effect on her.

v29-31: The woman was under the man's authority, but both are involved in sorting out the situation; Eph 5.22, 25.