Bible Notes Online - 1-Chronicles 10 - ESV
Commentary

v1-7: These verses summarise 1 Sam 31. According to 9.39, Saul had four sons, three of whom died on Mount Gilboa. The fourth, Esh-Baal, or Ishbosheth, claimed the throne after the death of Saul, 2 Sam 2-4.

v8-10: The Philistines attributed their victory to their god, Dagon.

v11-12: The kindness of the men of Jabesh-Gilead, see 1 Sam 31.11-13. There is some understatement here; they must have fought through into the temple, at risk to their lives.

v13-14: The real reason for Saul's death was his unfaithfulness to God; he had disobeyed God by enquiring of a medium, and not seeking the Lord. We cannot escape the fact that God is displeased when we have a rebellious attitude. What was true of Saul was also true of the nation of Judah centuries later, resulting in the Babylonian captivity.